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The composition of soil provides evidence of the soil's source. The soils of the Eastern Townships are mainly composed of till deposits: a mixture of large stones, rocks, gravel, and sand, which was transported and then deposited by glaciers. Erosion combined with freezing, thawing, and the addition of a layer of organic matter have transformed these deposits into soil. Along rivers, soil is mostly clay.

Map of the Eastern Townships with a legend identifying hydrography in blue and soil composition in different colours. The map is mostly beige with some fuchsia cross-hatching, indicating soils from till deposits and various other soils.

Soils of the Eastern Townships.
Source: Info-sols.ca