Two sides of a fragment of grey-green chipped stone. Both sides are slightly concave with thinned edges and a concave grooved base. The number CR-267 and a scale of 1 unit:5 cm are shown below.
Clovis point
This proximal part of a fluted point dates back to the Early Palaeoindian period (12 500 to 11 350 years before present day). It was found at the Cliche-Rancourt site, near Megantic. It suggests the presence of nomadic caribou hunters there, in a tundra environment. The presence of similar points in the New England region indicates that these hunters arrived from that region, which had experienced deglaciation for a longer time period.
Proximal fragment of a fluted point
- ACCESSION NUMBER:
- CR-267
- SITE NAME:
- Cliche-Rancourt
- SITE REGION:
- Lake Megantic, Quebec
- BORDEN SITE NUMBER:
- BiEr-14
- CULTURAL ATTRIBUTION:
- Prehistoric Amerindian
- PERIOD:
- Early Palaeoindian (12 900 to 11 600 years before present)
- MATERIAL:
- Stone, black and green chert
- HEIGHT:
- 32.9 mm
- WIDTH:
- 27.8 mm
- THICKNESS:
- 5.1 mm
- COLLECTION:
- Anthropology Department, Université de Montréal
Ochre-coloured chipped stone. It is lance-shaped, long and narrow. It has a straight base. Arrows enable it to be turned.
Plano point
This parallel retouched point (Ste. Anne-Varney type) dates from the end of the Late Palaeoindian period (10 800 to 9 000 years BP). It was discovered on the Kruger 2 site in Sherbrooke (Borough of Brompton). Then, the tundra had changed into a fir forest due to global warming. This Plano culture point is typical of those used by hunters from the plains of the American West. Its presence in the Sherbrooke region is evidence of a second wave of migration of hunters, who arrived from the southwest.
Parallel retouched point
- ACCESSION NUMBER:
- BiEx-23.1244 +1247+1253+1254
- SITE NAME:
- Kruger 2
- SITE REGION:
- Sherbrooke (Borough of Brompton), Quebec
- BORDEN SITE NUMBER:
- BiEx-23
- CULTURAL ATTRIBUTION:
- Plano, Ste. Anne-Varney type
- PERIOD:
- Late Palaeoindian (10 800 to 9 000 years BP)
- MATERIAL:
- Stone, Mount Kineo rhyolite
- HEIGHT:
- 105.4 mm
- WIDTH:
- 15.6 mm
- THICKNESS:
- 4.8 mm
- COLLECTION:
- Sherbrooke Museum of Nature and Science
Chipped stone shard of a reddish colour, in an irregular polygon shape, of greater width than height. The top edge has been tapered. The number BiEx-23.587 is inscribed on the bottom. Below the image is a photographic scale in centimetres with black and white squares.
Side scraper
This side scraper was discovered on the Kruger 2 site in Sherbrooke. The shape of side scrapers is no indication of their age. Projectile points found nearby suggest that the side scraper dates back to the Late Palaeoindian period (about 10 000 years BP). Side scrapers have a wide side ending in a straight edge. They were used in butchering, scraping animal skin, and woodworking. This tool is easier to use when hafted to a piece of bone or wood attached with leather strips or plant fibre.
Side scraper
- ACCESSION NUMBER:
- BiEx-23.587
- SITE NAME:
- Kruger 2
- SITE REGION:
- Sherbrooke, Quebec
- BORDEN SITE NUMBER:
- BiEx-23
- CULTURAL ATTRIBUTION:
- Plano
- PERIOD:
- Prehistorical Amerindian
- MATERIAL:
- Red slate
- HEIGHT:
- 111.65 mm
- WIDTH:
- 51.40 mm
- THICKNESS:
- 14.41 mm
- COLLECTION:
- Sherbrooke Museum of Nature and Science
Obovate, reddish and greenish chipped stone, with a convex front. The number BiEx-23.172 is inscribed on the bottom. Below the image is a photographic scale in centimetres with black and white squares.
End scraper
This end scraper was found on the Kruger 2 site in Sherbrooke. The shape of end scrapers is no indication of their age. Projectile points found near the end scraper suggest that it dates back to the Late Palaeoindian period (about 10 000 years ago). End scrapers were sturdy tools of a more or less rounded triangular shape, with a highly resistant edge. They were used to scrape animal skins and bones.
End scraper
- ACCESSION NUMBER:
- BiEx-23.172
- SITE NAME:
- Kruger 2
- SITE REGION:
- Sherbrooke (Borough of Brompton), Quebec
- BORDEN SITE NUMBER:
- BiEx-23
- CULTURAL ATTRIBUTION:
- Plano
- PERIOD:
- Late Palaeoindian
- MATERIAL:
- Jasper or weathered (heated) chert
- HEIGHT:
- 63.54 mm
- WIDTH:
- 39.09 mm
- THICKNESS:
- 13.17 mm
- COLLECTION:
- Sherbrooke Museum of Nature and Science
Chipped stone shard of a reddish-green colour with a small spur on each side and a pointed front. The number CR-348 and a scale of 1 unit:5 cm are shown below.
Perforator
This perforator was found on the Cliche-Rancourt site in the Lake Megantic region of Quebec. The shape of perforators is no indication of their age. Projectile points found near the perforator suggest that it dates back to the Early Palaeoindian period (12 500 to 11 350 years BP). Perforators are tools with a point capable of piercing through animal skins using rotating movements. They were used to insert threading material or strands of leather.
Perforator
- ACCESSION NUMBER:
- CR-179
- SITE NAME:
- Cliche-Rancourt
- SITE REGION:
- Lake Megantic, Quebec
- BORDEN SITE NUMBER:
- BiEr-14
- CULTURAL ATTRIBUTION:
- Clovis type Prehistoric Amerindian
- PERIOD:
- Early Palaeoindian (12 500 to 11 350 years BP)
- MATERIAL:
- New Hampshire rhyolite
- HEIGHT:
- 33.6 mm
- WIDTH:
- 30.3 mm
- THICKNESS:
- 3.9 mm
- COLLECTION:
- Anthropology Department, Université de Montréal
Two sides of a long, ochre chipped stone, divided into four fragments. It is lance-shaped with a convex base. The number BiEx-23.1839-1840-1841-1842 is inscribed underneath. Below the image is a photographic scale in centimetres with black and white squares.
Biface
This biface was found on the Kruger 2 site in Sherbrooke. The shape of bifaces is no indication of their age. Projectile points found near the biface suggest that it dates back to the Late Palaeoindian period (about 10 000 years BP). Bifaces were multipurpose tools with a base used to dig, hit, or crush, as well as two edges for chipping or sawing, and a point to pierce. Bifaces could be reworked and transformed into projectile points.
Biface
- ACCESSION NUMBER:
- BiEx-23.1839 et al.
- SITE NAME:
- Kruger 2
- SITE REGION:
- Sherbrooke (Borough of Brompton), Quebec
- BORDEN SITE NUMBER:
- BiEx-23
- CULTURAL ATTRIBUTION:
- Plano, Ste. Anne-Varney type
- PERIOD:
- Late Palaeoindian (10 800 to 9 000 years ago)
- MATERIAL:
- Stone, Mount Kineo rhyolite
- HEIGHT:
- 86.31 mm
- WIDTH:
- 13.54 mm
- THICKNESS:
- 5.68 mm
- COLLECTION:
- Sherbrooke Museum of Nature and Science
Two sides of a long, ochre chipped stone, divided into four fragments. It is lance-shaped with a convex base. The number BiEx-23.1839-1840-1841-1842 is inscribed underneath. Below the image is a photographic scale in centimetres with black and white squares.
Drill
This photograph shows two sides of the same drill. It was discovered on the Kruger 2 site in Sherbrooke. The shape of drills is no indication of their age. Projectile points found near the drill suggest that it dates back to the Late Palaeoindian period (about 10 000 years BP). Drills were bits of stone used to pierce wood and bones through rotation movements. They were attached to a bone or wooden haft.
Drill
- ACCESSION NUMBER:
- BiEx-23.1839 et al.
- SITE NAME:
- Kruger 2
- SITE REGION:
- Sherbrooke (Borough of Brompton), Quebec
- BORDEN SITE NUMBER:
- BiEx-23
- CULTURAL ATTRIBUTION:
- Plano, Ste. Anne-Varney type
- PERIOD:
- Late Palaeoindian (10 800 to 9 000 years ago)
- MATERIAL:
- Stone, Mount Kineo rhyolite
- HEIGHT:
- 86.31 mm
- WIDTH:
- 13.54 mm
- THICKNESS:
- 5.68 mm
- COLLECTION:
- Sherbrooke Museum of Nature and Science
Block of white stone with a rounded top. The number BiEx-23.338 is inscribed on the stone in black. Below the image is a photographic scale in centimetres with black and white squares.
Hammerstone
This hammerstone was discovered on the Kruger 2 site in Sherbrooke. The shape of hammerstones is no indication of their age. Projectile points found nearby suggest that the hammerstone dates back to the Late Palaeoindian period (about 10 000 years BP). Prehistoric hammerstones were used to hit the sides of stones to remove shards. These shards were then chipped to make tools or projectile points. Soft hammerstones, made of wood, antlers, or bone, were used in flaking and finishing work.
Use various hammerstones in the activity “Making a tool” led by guide Valérie.
Hammerstone
- ACCESSION NUMBER:
- BiEx-23.1138
- SITE NAME:
- Kruger 2
- SITE REGION:
- Sherbrooke (Borough of Brompton), Quebec
- BORDEN SITE NUMBER:
- BiEx-23
- CULTURAL ATTRIBUTION:
- Plano, Ste. Anne-Varney type
- PERIOD:
- Late Palaeoindian (10 800 to 9 000 years BP)
- MATERIAL:
- Quartz
- HEIGHT:
- 72.74 mm
- WIDTH:
- 43.30 mm
- THICKNESS:
- 45.38 mm
- COLLECTION:
- Sherbrooke Museum of Nature and Science
